Volume 2 Article informations Genetic diversity analysis using morphological parameters in Tunisian Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) CHATTI Khaleda*, CHOULAK Sarraa, GUENNI Karimb and SALHI-HANNACHI Amelb Abstract Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is an interesting crop for arid areas, well adapted to marginal lands and to drought conditions. Little attention has been directed towards the evaluation of the Pistacia vera L. genetic resources in Tunisia. Therefore, the genetic diversity of twenty ecotypes of pistachio collected from the south of Tunisia was analyzed using leaves morphological parameters. Morphological analysis helped to highlight a fairly high level of diversity and estimate phylogenetic relationships. In addition, the principal component analysis and UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average) tree allowed difference among several ecotypes over the entire samples studied. This variability of leaves traits between varieties which were cultivated in a relatively homogeneous environment may be attributed to different genetic architectures developed. This can be a consequence of adaptation to varied environmental conditions exiting in the distributional area of Pistacia vera L. The evaluation of germplasm in Tunisia revealed promising landraces. Additional biochemical and molecular studies will provide the necessary complementary information that could result in potentially valuable landrace selection. Key word: Pistacia vera L., Morphological traits, genetic resources.